การประชุมวิชาการระดับชาติ ครั้งที่ 16
มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏนครปฐม

This research studied the effects of shape, building orientation and building envelope on the energy saving of office buildings according to AHSRAE 90.1-2016 standards, to create guidelines for building owners and architects in designing office building in order to be evaluated as green buildings according to LEED v4.1 criteria. The study begins with a detailed survey of the design of 72 office buildings in Bangkok to use the obtained data to determine the representative of this research. The representative building is determined to have an area per floor of 1,600 sqm, a floor-to-floor height of 4 meters and a service core location in the center of the building's floor plan. There are 3 heights of building storey including 8 storeys, 15 storeys and 30 storeys. The site location is set in Bangkok. All representative buildings are built into Proposed Buildings referring to the requirements of the ASHRAE 90.1-2016 standard, by modifying various architectural elements with the Proposed Building, such as the direction of orientation, building envelope materials, wall-to-window ratio (WWR%), lighting power density (LPD) and coefficient of performance (CoP) of HVAC systems. The study's results found that the variables that most influence the increase and decrease of end-use energy were the type and coefficient of performance (CoP) of the HVAC system. The Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF) system that had a CoP value of 4.56 caused the proposed building to have an energy-saving percentage of only 9 percent compared to the baseline building. Then, compared to a building using the Chiller Water Cooled (CHW) system with a CoP value of 7.03, the energy saving percentage was 24 percent. The variables that least influenced the increase and decrease of end-use energy were the orientation of the building. In terms of other building envelope variables, such as WWR%, wall materials, and glass materials, affect the increasing and decreasing of building energy use directly variation.